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The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803-1842) (about)
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Cite: http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2213501
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FEMALES PER BUSSORAH MERCHANT.
A very interesting scene has been passing within our own review for these last few days, since the landing of the free women arrived per Bussorah Merchant, and their being placed in their new quarters, the place formerly occupied by Government as the Lumber-yard. We are assured that this importation is very far superior in every respect to any importation of females of similar class heretofore arrived amongst us, and are happy to say this assurance is con- firmed by the great demand that has been made by the respectable families of our community for the services of these young women, as in the first three days about 180 out ofthe 215 were engaged, and proceeded to their respective situations, which, we hope, will prove comfortable to these friend- less females now domiciled among us, and whom Providence, in its wisdom, has sepa- rated from fiiends and connexions dear to them during the sojourn in this life, as it ia unlikely very few of them will ever visit their native land again.
A Committee of Ladies, consisting of Miss Bourke, Mrs. Broughton, Mrs. Jones, and Miss M Leay, attended during the whole of each day, to advise these young women, and to ascertain that the situations they engaged were such as res- pectable young women ought to accept ; and the Venerable Archdeacon Broughton, the Rev. Messrs. Cowper and Hill, also devoted much of their time to this impor- tant matter, and the result has been, as may be anticipated, highly satisfactory.
A demand has been made for other ser- vices than those of a mere domestic nature no less than the hand of one of these young women. A young man of good character applied to the Committee to be allowed to choose one of these females " for better or for worse ;" and, after being perfectly satis- fied with his testimonials, he was allowed to do so, and the bride selected ; and we trust the union will be to them all they can desire. We would invite many more of our young men of good character to go and do likewise ; as it is with young women of do- mestic habits, and good moral character, alone in whom they can expect to find those comforts so desirable in the marriage state, and which sender home the happiest of all
places.
We copy the following paragraph from the Herald of yesterday :
" The females in question have suffered much annoyance from an assemblage of idle vagabonds, who have for some days sur- rounded the gate and subjected parties en- tering and returning from the Lumber-yard to the impudent stare and observations of the rabble. We cannot conceive why the authorities should suffer such an evil to exist, unless it is from regard to the li- berty of the subject, of which we hear
much more in tin« place than in any other part of the world, and which covers more licentiousness than we can well describe.
We will ask what must be the feelings of these, young women on leaving the yard to go to their situations, when the very first thing that presents itself to their notice, to the crowd just described, and of which not one word of exaggeration has been said ? We pity their feelings and can only regret they are thus exposed."
As it is probable many more ship loads of emigrant females may yet arrive, and perhaps of a superior description even to
these we would suggest to the govern ment at once to break up the convict boys' establishment at the Carters' Barracks, and disperse these young rogues among the settlers as the surest way of reforming them, and appropriate these buildings and the ground attached thereto for the reception of the free females that may hereafter arrive, which will be a much more comfortable place for them than the erected buildings they are now placed in, and to which atten- tion we consider them entitled, and at the same time they would be away from the very center of this crowded town, and thereby
escape the improper scenes we have felt it our duty to expose.
We have just seen some recent numbers of the Botanical Gazette, published by the Royal Botanical Societv of Bavaria. Among their papers are two from the pen of our scientific townsman, Dr. Lhotsky ; one of which gives a description of eight palm trees forwarded by him from Bania to the Impe- rial garden at Vienna. These magnificent trees were each full twenty feet in length, and were decidedly the largest plants ever sent to Europe. The other gives the bota- nical description of the Brazil " " Florula Malto-Grosso-Cajabensis.,> We perceive also, among the catalogue of plants newly named by the Royal Society, several to which the Doctor's name is attached, in com- pliment to him as the discoverer. The plants sent home by bim for salo have, we are in- formed, realized very handsome prices, being in eager demand by several of the most dis-
tinguished societies.
The Doctor is'on the eve of another scien- tific excursion to Moreton Bay, and we cannot but repeat our regret, that while their is so active a Botanist in the colony, the sums voted by the Council from year to year for scientific purposes should be allowed to rust in the public cheat.
Shipping IuTBttiGENcn.-The Governor Phillip, just arrived, and lately reported to be lost, has, during the whole of her voyage, experienced the most violent and tempestuous' weather her commander ever experienced.-The Lindsays, whaler, of Hobart Town, had put into the Bay of Islands in a distressed state, the crew having the scurvy ; she had 900 barrels of oil on board. One of her boat's crews had run away fiom her at Howe's Island, as already mentioned in this paper.-Captain Lewis, of the Governor Phillip, saw several run- away prisoners on the beach at Karrattaki ; but not beingable to identify them, he could do nothing. Since Mr. Busby arrived there, they are beginning to disappear very fast.
One of the witnesses in the caso of Cowan and his wife, who were tried on Friday for tho murder of Korr, named Montgomery, hospital assistiuit at Liverpool, and a prisoner of tbo crown, who evinoeil great relucíanos to give his testimony, whs orJered by Mr. Justice Burton to be deprived of any goromment indulgence he might enjoy, and . sharp look-out kept after him.
lu the case of rape, which was tried on Saturday last ia the Supreme Court, three of tho witness«« were committed to take their trial for the
samo oít'ütice, in conbequence of what fell from the
prospcutrix.
In York-street, near to the very neat residonou of Mr. Quurtor Master Lloyd, tnere hal lately been ereotad a wooden tenement which pro- ject» 12 or 14 feat beyond what muy be considered tho line of street, and completely hides the view of that building in one direction. Indeed it ia a com- pleto " eya-iore"in that quarter. We trust itis an infringement on the government regulations, and that it may oom« under the cognizance of our Town Sur«
roy or.
A very judicious arrangement has ob- tained within the last lew days, with regard to wit- nesses attending the Supreme Court. Those to be examined are ncoommodated in the nil j ining Court- room until called upon, from whence they are imme- diately ushered through tho Court into the box, a much more preferable modo than their standing out- side, where they bad sometimes been called upon for nearly fire minutes before milking their appear- ance ; besides which it obviates the chance of com- munication with the witnesses already examined.
We call particular attention to the adver- tisement in another column oiforing to let two-thirds
of the estate of Regent Ville in al'otments from of 10 , to 50 aores. Sir John Jamison, following up the ! feeling so creditably diipluyed by Judge Forbes, " manifests a wiih to repose confidence in ticket of loavo men, and invites them to become his tenants. Tu persons who are acquainted with the compara- tive state of morals in the interior distriots between this and the emigrant olasa, an invitation of the pre- sent description will not create surprise. Sir John Jamison, from long local experionos in a populous neighbourhood, is an eminent judge upon this point ; and his desire to encourage a class whom he evi- dently feels aro suffering under a system of gross misgovernment, is laudable and just. Opposed to eil the vicious theories of selfish men, this praotical specimen of philanthropic wisdom will be held as a conclusive proof of good morals, and that due and ordinary support is only wanting to consoli- date their habits into that of industry, and to relieve their condition in society from that impro- per debasement with which the Imperial Act at this moment visits them. Sir John will eventually derive extensive profit from this division of bis property, and we hope he will, for the plan will give a " habitation and a name" to many industrious poor men of every class, instead ef subjecting them to all the hardships of the want «/. employment, or stvere labour, with which, in tbe vale of years, tbey would otherwise havo to combat, and perhaps perish under its rigours.-The same juJioious feeling exists in the subdivision of Bulwarra, which will soon he brought to the hammer.
As an instance of the highly coloured and delusory statements which are set afloat in the mother country to induce mechanics to emigrate to these colonies, we beg to instauoe the following, which we extract from a Glasgow paper of March last :-" A large vessel, named tho Cabolia, is laid on for Hobart Tewn and Sydney ; and m the adver- tisement it is set forth that meehanios can oarn from 7s. 6ii. to SOi. a-day ; that provisions are half the price they are at horns ; and that the advertisers have a list to show of thoso tradesmen who are most wanted in the two colonies."
Campbell, one of the witnesses who so grossly prevaricated on the trial of Cowan and his wifo, bus been re-committed, and will talca bis trill along with Cowan far cattle stealing;.
ti InEtïtio'^WIint con we think of ** Ministers and their Algèrine Act for
j, Ireland, after reading the following ex 0 tracts from the evidence given before a t Select Committee of the House of Com 0 mons to enquire into the state of Ireland, * by Matthew Barrington.) Eatq. Crown
Solicitor of the Monster Circuit, in June 1032; ««Agitation'" was not,so great when the iniquitous Bill was introduced,
at the time Mr. Barrington'« evidence was given ; and yet read what lie state». For our own parts, we cannot think of words sufficiently strong to designate th« enormity of the crime committed against Ireland by a Whig Ministry.
54. Do you eonceive that the giving the people employment would be the best re- medy for these disturbances?-I have no doubt of it ; if there waB sufficient employ- ment there would be no inclination to dis-
turbance.
y C4. Do yo« consider that these disturb* y anees have any origin whatever or connec t lion with the political feeling of the coun-
try ?-I have never found them to have any.
65. Then the Committee are to under- stand that in your opinion they are simply agrarian ?-Certainly.
156. Q.- « A. I conceive that eveiy breach of the law must still further accustom the people to violate the public peace. The great object in Ireland is to make them "respect the law as they do in England, where if a man picks your pocket, every body is ready to assist you in apprehending the offender ; but if a man does so in Ireland, they will hustle you to
let him escape.
162. What is the state of the law as affects those associations that now exist in Ireland?-I think there is scarcely an of- fence that is not provided for by the law as altered by the act of last session.
164. After having considered those laws attentively, is it your opinion that there is any necessity for additional laws for the purpose of preventing or of punishing crime in Ireland ;-I do not know of any offence that has been committed, nor have I read of one, that I do not think is provided for by law. The question of punishment for large assemblies and meetings of the people, and whether the law is sufficiently strong to sup- press them, is another matter, upon whjch I should not presume to offer an opinion. I think the act of last session is so comprehen- sive that it is scarcely possible to imagine an insurrectionary offence that ii not provided
for by that act.
178. Having describe 1 the state of the law, and that in your opinion a punishment is provided for each insurrection act, what is your opinion with regard to the application of the law, particularly when insurrectionary scenes first show themselves in t an Irish country ?-I think that if those laws are im- mediately applied to any county that is dis- turbed, they will have the effect of tranquil- lizing it, provided they are promptly and perseveringly administered, no matter at what expense. If a county was disturbed I would have a special commission issued, and sit down from week to week, and from
day to day, until the disturbance was put
down.
222. You originally said that in Ireland there was a tendency among the common people to create disturbance unless they were checked ?--I think the great fault in Ireland is, that the people ara not inclined to appeal to the laws as they do in this country ; the great object is to make Irish- men attached io the law, and that can only be done by perseveringly prosecuting every case, no matter of what description.
230. Have you any remedy you would suggest for the quietude of the country ? The only remedy I would suggest is the persevering administration of the laws in the ordinary forms, and the prosecution of every outrage that occurs, t think the people are more attached to and satisfied with the administration of the ordinary law, than they would be with any extraordinary measures ; that is proved by their never having shown any hostility to any jurors.
?SÔ3. Having you given instances of the malignity of the people being infinitely greater towards m.igisuates who act under tbe Insurrection Act, than towards jurors ? have you not known of such instances? I have ; I have never known ins anees of hostility to jurors, at the same time that the persons who have been acting as jurors have j been attacked, returning from the Insur-
rection Act, though they had been serving ona jury to try a transportaba on?. TI e-e is a rancour remaining in the county for years after, and a hostility against magis- trates who act under the Insurrection Act ; not the slightest against jurors.
261. Which do you think the people would prefer, the Insurrection Act or the Court-martial ?.-I believe the people would be much more satisfied with being trans- port« 1 in hundreds under the ordinary form of the law, than if one was sent away under martial law or the Insurrection Act.
262. Which do you suppose they would take as choice ?-I think they would prefer martial law ; they would think it then come to open war. They consider the Insurrec- tion Act as a mode by which they are trans- ported without any trial ; that every man who is concerned in it is hostile to them ; that ho brings his local motives and private feelings to bear on them ; and that they are transported for other reasons than for the offence for which they are tried. The law is therefore bad, and the people are not sa- tisfied with the mode of its administration ; but try them for the same offences under penal statutes by the ordinary tribunals, and they will not retain any hostility to the per- sons who are concerned in its administra- tion r.8 public officers or jurors.
279. You do not conceive it possible to strengthen the hands of the Magistrates as to these midnight gangs ?-I think the law is very strong as it is at present, and I think there is no offence which there is not a pun- ishment for, the law being administered
properly,
2$i, Ttoit say that tlie greatest hoalílí'tj exists on the part of the peasantry against the magistrates who act under the Insurrec- tion Act?-I said that any hostility I ever knew against a magistrate was against tho-je who acted under the Insurrection Act, and not against the same persons acting asjuröre.
Poor Laws and EMiottATioN.-p The following interesting article is taken from the Courier of April IO :- -
To the Editor of th» Cow ier, -<
Sir.'-I have perused with very groat pleasure and satisfaction your remark» on emi- gration in yesterday's paper. I siooerely believe ii ii the pnly eipedient that can be resorted to anal remedy for the present »tate of the Poor Laws, and the preis would do more for tlieir country in bringing tbii luhjiot forward before the publio, than all tb« magistrate! in the kingdom can effect.
When io fino a country aa Upper Canada, .bounding in resources, is open to us, it seem» ex- traordinary that wo have not before avnilml ourselves of it ; particularly when it ii conndered what a de- mand for our manufacture! would accrue from our peopling tins fertile distnot.
In tim parish-in this country-we ore great}} over-peopled-»but in this pariah, after the /armera lind employed thoir full proportion for winter work, ria oue man for erery tinny dotes (arable and pin- tura), there were found to bo tins winter very neirly 200heads of families, good labourers, without .mployment, th« greater port of whom are at ibis moment existing on the miserable pittanoe of 151. per bead per week throughout their families ; but a larger allowance aaunot lia made, ni we are culled upon ai Magistrate! continually to issue- distress warrants against lh« small farmers in order to get tha rates oolleotsd. ,
Now, Sir, deeply lamenting such a state of tilinga, I prevailed On the proprietor! and oocupien, about two years ago, (by a rate levied on both purtles,) to« ..nd out to Upper Cunada such ofthe paupers oi would be inohnnd to removí with thtir families. Three hundred offered themselves * and it you wura to iii tbo deep sense of gratitude conveyed in tba numerous letters since received from these people, you would not hesitate in reoomminding emigration in the most enirgetio language you are master of. I will only state that thoy were in the Ion est depths of misery here, living on barley bread ami potatoes ; they went to Upper Canada, where tbey have never known want, have plenty of work on high wages, witb abundance of food and firing, and would not pi induced to return to England on any terms, The sum required to lend them out was less than six poundi per head, inoluding thirty shillings for each individual after being landed at Montreal. You will aay why not lend more 1 Because wa want a Legislativa enactment to make all contribute .qually. Some will, and others will not pay, and a considerable sum has bean thrown on myself for having caused this benefit to the parish. If you wm I ii take the trouble to read thara, I could send you from 50 to 100 letters, all of thi most favourtkbli naturi, from these poor piopTo.
In thi same paper I see an account of the faillir» ofthe pensionan. I think it must be their own fault, as tbo manufacturers, who know little of agri- culture, are thriving equally with lb» others sent from this pluoi. They work on their land in lbs ?ummer, and, in tin winter, follow thsir trade of making cloth, much to their advantage, and do well at it. A weaver, named Morn!, who went out in 1831, sent for bis two sons, who were earning good wages here, stating that they would do ev«n bitter there ; they went out in 1832. and are now entreat- ing tbeir friends to follow them, bung delighted at the change. ,
I hare penned this in haste,brit could furnish yon with abundant information if you would i ecu ve it. Having acted for twenty years as a Magistrale,in tbii country, I know the working of the Foot Laws most intimately, and have made many.reprv ?tentations un this subject to the Government.^ .
I take the liberty oi subjoining a plan I submitted to the Poor Law Commission, which I cannot help thinking might be adopted witb advantage, if put in a better form with any addition! required. ,
It befog generally allowed that m redundancy, of labourers ii ona cause of the eviliof tbe Poor, Law». it i* proposed, ia tin first place, to give every fi cility to emigration by an Act (a be p««««d far tha purpose, provided tbat no man be compelled to leave tbe country, but that those who voluntarily desire to do so, be furnished wilh soma from their respective parishes*; that the vestry, or two.thud« of the pay- masters and proprietors, be enabled to raise the sum required on the security of the rates, repaying th« .ame by instalments within a certain period,!© be named, say five or ten years. {i ,
The rate to be levied half on the proprietors, half on the occupier! (th« latter may bo made to pay it, and deduct it from the rent). That the paupers
emigrating be not entitled to,relief in case of re-
turning home again.
That the law of settlement hi altered or entirely done away with, os to hiring and service, apprend ticeship, and nnting tenement! of the value of .¿to-
per annum.
That this be effected gradually ; that two years lor more (until the 31st of January, 1B35, aay) beal« {owed to each family io return to their own parisk if they choose ; but if they bave good «mployineut.ia the parish m nhicb they reside that they be not re- quired to remove, but must still bs registered it» thsir own parish. ,,,;
That a register bl opened, nnd that each individuat belonging to tbeir respeott va parishei be registered therein by the 1st of January, 1855. . n,
That after a period to be named, say January t, 1836. or 18J7, na able-bodied man be allowed relief from the rates under any protenoe whatever. -,
By this plan eaoh person would know hu place n( settlement, which would not be liable to alteration afterwards. Parishes would know those who belong to them, and would be enabled totaU the means« of providing for them by finding work if possible; if not, bv giving tbem the means of emigrating either to foreign countries, or other parts of the kingdom.
Tlie good effects expected lo result from this plan would be the throwing of labourers ou their own te ?ourc"e-increasing the rate of wages, and leading thsm to see that if they enter heedlessly into early marriages, they can no longer depen I on the poor's rate for thsir marriage settlement.
Tbis will also induce them again to look j to friendly sooieties as a support against sickness and old age; and, as, additional assistance to the poor man, no doubt landed proprietors will give further enoouragement to ihoallotmonta of land to labourers, which, as a moans of enabling them to subsist wl-en temporarily out of employment is of great use, but will not prove an effectual remedy for the Poor Laws, as if it should b» carrisd to any great extent, tjus country would soon be reduced to the state of Ireland. _ - .
I havo the honour to remain. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
VV.L.